Point Cloud Library (PCL) 1.15.1
Loading...
Searching...
No Matches
octree_search.hpp
1/*
2 * Software License Agreement (BSD License)
3 *
4 * Point Cloud Library (PCL) - www.pointclouds.org
5 * Copyright (c) 2010-2011, Willow Garage, Inc.
6 *
7 * All rights reserved.
8 *
9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * are met:
12 *
13 * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15 * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
16 * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
17 * disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
18 * with the distribution.
19 * * Neither the name of Willow Garage, Inc. nor the names of its
20 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
21 * from this software without specific prior written permission.
22 *
23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
26 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
27 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
28 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
29 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
30 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
31 * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
33 * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
34 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
35 *
36 * $Id$
37 */
38
39#ifndef PCL_OCTREE_SEARCH_IMPL_H_
40#define PCL_OCTREE_SEARCH_IMPL_H_
41
42#include <cassert>
43
44namespace pcl {
45
46namespace octree {
47
48template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
49bool
50OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::voxelSearch(
51 const PointT& point, Indices& point_idx_data)
52{
53 assert(isFinite(point) &&
54 "Invalid (NaN, Inf) point coordinates given to nearestKSearch!");
55 OctreeKey key;
56 bool b_success = false;
57
58 // generate key
59 this->genOctreeKeyforPoint(point, key);
60
61 LeafContainerT* leaf = this->findLeaf(key);
62
63 if (leaf) {
64 (*leaf).getPointIndices(point_idx_data);
65 b_success = true;
66 }
67
68 return (b_success);
69}
70
71template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
72bool
73OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::voxelSearch(
74 const uindex_t index, Indices& point_idx_data)
75{
76 const PointT search_point = this->getPointByIndex(index);
77 return (this->voxelSearch(search_point, point_idx_data));
78}
79
80template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
81uindex_t
82OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::nearestKSearch(
83 const PointT& p_q,
84 uindex_t k,
85 Indices& k_indices,
86 std::vector<float>& k_sqr_distances)
87{
88 assert(this->leaf_count_ > 0);
89 assert(isFinite(p_q) &&
90 "Invalid (NaN, Inf) point coordinates given to nearestKSearch!");
91
92 k_indices.clear();
93 k_sqr_distances.clear();
94
95 if (k < 1)
96 return 0;
97
98 prioPointQueueEntry point_entry;
99 std::vector<prioPointQueueEntry> point_candidates;
100 point_candidates.reserve(k);
101
102 OctreeKey key;
103 key.x = key.y = key.z = 0;
104
105 // initialize smallest point distance in search with high value
106 double smallest_dist = std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
107
108 getKNearestNeighborRecursive(
109 p_q, k, this->root_node_, key, 1, smallest_dist, point_candidates);
110
111 const auto result_count = static_cast<uindex_t>(point_candidates.size());
112
113 k_indices.resize(result_count);
114 k_sqr_distances.resize(result_count);
115
116 for (uindex_t i = 0; i < result_count; ++i) {
117 k_indices[i] = point_candidates[i].point_idx_;
118 k_sqr_distances[i] = point_candidates[i].point_distance_;
119 }
120
121 return k_indices.size();
122}
123
124template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
125uindex_t
126OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::nearestKSearch(
127 uindex_t index, uindex_t k, Indices& k_indices, std::vector<float>& k_sqr_distances)
128{
129 const PointT search_point = this->getPointByIndex(index);
130 return (nearestKSearch(search_point, k, k_indices, k_sqr_distances));
131}
132
133template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
134void
135OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::approxNearestSearch(
136 const PointT& p_q, index_t& result_index, float& sqr_distance)
137{
138 assert(this->leaf_count_ > 0);
139 assert(isFinite(p_q) &&
140 "Invalid (NaN, Inf) point coordinates given to nearestKSearch!");
141
142 OctreeKey key;
143 key.x = key.y = key.z = 0;
144
145 approxNearestSearchRecursive(
146 p_q, this->root_node_, key, 1, result_index, sqr_distance);
147
148 return;
149}
150
151template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
152void
153OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::approxNearestSearch(
154 uindex_t query_index, index_t& result_index, float& sqr_distance)
155{
156 const PointT search_point = this->getPointByIndex(query_index);
157
158 return (approxNearestSearch(search_point, result_index, sqr_distance));
159}
160
161template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
162uindex_t
163OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::radiusSearch(
164 const PointT& p_q,
165 const double radius,
166 Indices& k_indices,
167 std::vector<float>& k_sqr_distances,
168 uindex_t max_nn) const
169{
170 assert(isFinite(p_q) &&
171 "Invalid (NaN, Inf) point coordinates given to nearestKSearch!");
172 OctreeKey key;
173 key.x = key.y = key.z = 0;
174
175 k_indices.clear();
176 k_sqr_distances.clear();
177
178 getNeighborsWithinRadiusRecursive(p_q,
179 radius * radius,
180 this->root_node_,
181 key,
182 1,
183 k_indices,
184 k_sqr_distances,
185 max_nn);
186
187 return k_indices.size();
188}
189
190template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
191uindex_t
192OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::radiusSearch(
193 uindex_t index,
194 const double radius,
195 Indices& k_indices,
196 std::vector<float>& k_sqr_distances,
197 uindex_t max_nn) const
198{
199 const PointT search_point = this->getPointByIndex(index);
200
201 return (radiusSearch(search_point, radius, k_indices, k_sqr_distances, max_nn));
202}
203
204template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
205uindex_t
206OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::boxSearch(
207 const Eigen::Vector3f& min_pt,
208 const Eigen::Vector3f& max_pt,
209 Indices& k_indices) const
210{
211
212 OctreeKey key;
213 key.x = key.y = key.z = 0;
214
215 k_indices.clear();
216
217 boxSearchRecursive(min_pt, max_pt, this->root_node_, key, 1, k_indices);
218
219 return k_indices.size();
220}
221
222template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
223double
224OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::
225 getKNearestNeighborRecursive(
226 const PointT& point,
227 uindex_t K,
228 const BranchNode* node,
229 const OctreeKey& key,
230 uindex_t tree_depth,
231 const double squared_search_radius,
232 std::vector<prioPointQueueEntry>& point_candidates) const
233{
234 std::vector<prioBranchQueueEntry> search_heap;
235 search_heap.resize(8);
236
237 OctreeKey new_key;
238
239 double smallest_squared_dist = squared_search_radius;
240
241 // get spatial voxel information
242 double voxelSquaredDiameter = this->getVoxelSquaredDiameter(tree_depth);
243
244 // iterate over all children
245 for (unsigned char child_idx = 0; child_idx < 8; child_idx++) {
246 if (this->branchHasChild(*node, child_idx)) {
247 PointT voxel_center;
248
249 search_heap[child_idx].key.x = (key.x << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 2)));
250 search_heap[child_idx].key.y = (key.y << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 1)));
251 search_heap[child_idx].key.z = (key.z << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 0)));
252
253 // generate voxel center point for voxel at key
254 this->genVoxelCenterFromOctreeKey(
255 search_heap[child_idx].key, tree_depth, voxel_center);
256
257 // generate new priority queue element
258 search_heap[child_idx].node = this->getBranchChildPtr(*node, child_idx);
259 search_heap[child_idx].point_distance = pointSquaredDist(voxel_center, point);
260 }
261 else {
262 search_heap[child_idx].point_distance = std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity();
263 }
264 }
265
266 std::sort(search_heap.begin(), search_heap.end());
267
268 // iterate over all children in priority queue
269 // check if the distance to search candidate is smaller than the best point distance
270 // (smallest_squared_dist)
271 while ((!search_heap.empty()) &&
272 (search_heap.back().point_distance <
273 smallest_squared_dist + voxelSquaredDiameter / 4.0 +
274 sqrt(smallest_squared_dist * voxelSquaredDiameter) - this->epsilon_)) {
275 const OctreeNode* child_node;
276
277 // read from priority queue element
278 child_node = search_heap.back().node;
279 new_key = search_heap.back().key;
280
281 if (child_node->getNodeType() == BRANCH_NODE) {
282 // we have not reached maximum tree depth
283 smallest_squared_dist =
284 getKNearestNeighborRecursive(point,
285 K,
286 static_cast<const BranchNode*>(child_node),
287 new_key,
288 tree_depth + 1,
289 smallest_squared_dist,
290 point_candidates);
291 }
292 else {
293 // we reached leaf node level
294 Indices decoded_point_vector;
295
296 const auto* child_leaf = static_cast<const LeafNode*>(child_node);
297
298 // decode leaf node into decoded_point_vector
299 (*child_leaf)->getPointIndices(decoded_point_vector);
300
301 // Linearly iterate over all decoded (unsorted) points
302 for (const auto& point_index : decoded_point_vector) {
303
304 const PointT& candidate_point = this->getPointByIndex(point_index);
305
306 // calculate point distance to search point
307 float squared_dist = pointSquaredDist(candidate_point, point);
308
309 const auto insert_into_queue = [&] {
310 point_candidates.emplace(
311 std::upper_bound(point_candidates.begin(),
312 point_candidates.end(),
313 squared_dist,
314 [](float dist, const prioPointQueueEntry& ent) {
315 return dist < ent.point_distance_;
316 }),
317 point_index,
318 squared_dist);
319 };
320 if (point_candidates.size() < K) {
321 insert_into_queue();
322 }
323 else if (point_candidates.back().point_distance_ > squared_dist) {
324 point_candidates.pop_back();
325 insert_into_queue();
326 }
327 }
328
329 if (point_candidates.size() == K)
330 smallest_squared_dist = point_candidates.back().point_distance_;
331 }
332 // pop element from priority queue
333 search_heap.pop_back();
334 }
335
336 return (smallest_squared_dist);
337}
338
339template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
340void
341OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::
342 getNeighborsWithinRadiusRecursive(const PointT& point,
343 const double radiusSquared,
344 const BranchNode* node,
345 const OctreeKey& key,
346 uindex_t tree_depth,
347 Indices& k_indices,
348 std::vector<float>& k_sqr_distances,
349 uindex_t max_nn) const
350{
351 // iterate over all children
352 for (unsigned char child_idx = 0; child_idx < 8; child_idx++) {
353 if (!this->branchHasChild(*node, child_idx))
354 continue;
355
356 const OctreeNode* child_node;
357 child_node = this->getBranchChildPtr(*node, child_idx);
358
359 OctreeKey new_key;
360 float squared_dist;
361
362 // generate new key for current branch voxel
363 new_key.x = (key.x << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 2)));
364 new_key.y = (key.y << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 1)));
365 new_key.z = (key.z << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 0)));
366
367 // compute min distance between query point and any point in this child node, to
368 // decide whether we can skip it
369 Eigen::Vector3f min_pt, max_pt;
370 this->genVoxelBoundsFromOctreeKey(new_key, tree_depth, min_pt, max_pt);
371 squared_dist = 0.0f;
372 if (point.x < min_pt.x())
373 squared_dist += std::pow(point.x - min_pt.x(), 2);
374 else if (point.x > max_pt.x())
375 squared_dist += std::pow(point.x - max_pt.x(), 2);
376 if (point.y < min_pt.y())
377 squared_dist += std::pow(point.y - min_pt.y(), 2);
378 else if (point.y > max_pt.y())
379 squared_dist += std::pow(point.y - max_pt.y(), 2);
380 if (point.z < min_pt.z())
381 squared_dist += std::pow(point.z - min_pt.z(), 2);
382 else if (point.z > max_pt.z())
383 squared_dist += std::pow(point.z - max_pt.z(), 2);
384 if (squared_dist < (radiusSquared + this->epsilon_)) {
385 if (child_node->getNodeType() == BRANCH_NODE) {
386 // we have not reached maximum tree depth
387 getNeighborsWithinRadiusRecursive(point,
388 radiusSquared,
389 static_cast<const BranchNode*>(child_node),
390 new_key,
391 tree_depth + 1,
392 k_indices,
393 k_sqr_distances,
394 max_nn);
395 if (max_nn != 0 && k_indices.size() == max_nn)
396 return;
397 }
398 else {
399 // we reached leaf node level
400 const auto* child_leaf = static_cast<const LeafNode*>(child_node);
401
402 // Linearly iterate over all points in the leaf
403 for (const auto& index : (*child_leaf)->getPointIndicesVector()) {
404 const PointT& candidate_point = this->getPointByIndex(index);
405
406 // calculate point distance to search point
407 squared_dist = pointSquaredDist(candidate_point, point);
408
409 // check if a match is found
410 if (squared_dist > radiusSquared)
411 continue;
412
413 // add point to result vector
414 k_indices.push_back(index);
415 k_sqr_distances.push_back(squared_dist);
416
417 if (max_nn != 0 && k_indices.size() == max_nn)
418 return;
419 }
420 }
421 }
422 }
423}
424
425template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
426void
427OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::
428 approxNearestSearchRecursive(const PointT& point,
429 const BranchNode* node,
430 const OctreeKey& key,
431 uindex_t tree_depth,
432 index_t& result_index,
433 float& sqr_distance)
434{
435 OctreeKey minChildKey;
436 OctreeKey new_key;
437
438 const OctreeNode* child_node;
439
440 // set minimum voxel distance to maximum value
441 double min_voxel_center_distance = std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
442
443 unsigned char min_child_idx = 0xFF;
444
445 // iterate over all children
446 for (unsigned char child_idx = 0; child_idx < 8; child_idx++) {
447 if (!this->branchHasChild(*node, child_idx))
448 continue;
449
450 PointT voxel_center;
451 double voxelPointDist;
452
453 new_key.x = (key.x << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 2)));
454 new_key.y = (key.y << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 1)));
455 new_key.z = (key.z << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 0)));
456
457 // generate voxel center point for voxel at key
458 this->genVoxelCenterFromOctreeKey(new_key, tree_depth, voxel_center);
459
460 voxelPointDist = pointSquaredDist(voxel_center, point);
461
462 // search for child voxel with shortest distance to search point
463 if (voxelPointDist >= min_voxel_center_distance)
464 continue;
465
466 min_voxel_center_distance = voxelPointDist;
467 min_child_idx = child_idx;
468 minChildKey = new_key;
469 }
470
471 // make sure we found at least one branch child
472 assert(min_child_idx < 8);
473
474 child_node = this->getBranchChildPtr(*node, min_child_idx);
475
476 if (child_node->getNodeType() == BRANCH_NODE) {
477 // we have not reached maximum tree depth
478 approxNearestSearchRecursive(point,
479 static_cast<const BranchNode*>(child_node),
480 minChildKey,
481 tree_depth + 1,
482 result_index,
483 sqr_distance);
484 }
485 else {
486 // we reached leaf node level
487 Indices decoded_point_vector;
488
489 const auto* child_leaf = static_cast<const LeafNode*>(child_node);
490
491 float smallest_squared_dist = std::numeric_limits<float>::max();
492
493 // decode leaf node into decoded_point_vector
494 (**child_leaf).getPointIndices(decoded_point_vector);
495
496 // Linearly iterate over all decoded (unsorted) points
497 for (const auto& index : decoded_point_vector) {
498 const PointT& candidate_point = this->getPointByIndex(index);
499
500 // calculate point distance to search point
501 float squared_dist = pointSquaredDist(candidate_point, point);
502
503 // check if a closer match is found
504 if (squared_dist >= smallest_squared_dist)
505 continue;
506
507 result_index = index;
508 smallest_squared_dist = squared_dist;
509 sqr_distance = squared_dist;
510 }
511 }
512}
513
514template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
515float
516OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::pointSquaredDist(
517 const PointT& point_a, const PointT& point_b) const
518{
519 return (point_a.getVector3fMap() - point_b.getVector3fMap()).squaredNorm();
520}
521
522template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
523void
524OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::boxSearchRecursive(
525 const Eigen::Vector3f& min_pt,
526 const Eigen::Vector3f& max_pt,
527 const BranchNode* node,
528 const OctreeKey& key,
529 uindex_t tree_depth,
530 Indices& k_indices) const
531{
532 // iterate over all children
533 for (unsigned char child_idx = 0; child_idx < 8; child_idx++) {
534
535 const OctreeNode* child_node;
536 child_node = this->getBranchChildPtr(*node, child_idx);
537
538 if (!child_node)
539 continue;
540
541 OctreeKey new_key;
542 // generate new key for current branch voxel
543 new_key.x = (key.x << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 2)));
544 new_key.y = (key.y << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 1)));
545 new_key.z = (key.z << 1) + (!!(child_idx & (1 << 0)));
546
547 // voxel corners
548 Eigen::Vector3f lower_voxel_corner;
549 Eigen::Vector3f upper_voxel_corner;
550 // get voxel coordinates
551 this->genVoxelBoundsFromOctreeKey(
552 new_key, tree_depth, lower_voxel_corner, upper_voxel_corner);
553
554 // test if search region overlap with voxel space
555
556 if ((lower_voxel_corner(0) <= max_pt(0)) && (min_pt(0) <= upper_voxel_corner(0)) &&
557 (lower_voxel_corner(1) <= max_pt(1)) && (min_pt(1) <= upper_voxel_corner(1)) &&
558 (lower_voxel_corner(2) <= max_pt(2)) && (min_pt(2) <= upper_voxel_corner(2))) {
559
560 if (child_node->getNodeType() == BRANCH_NODE) {
561 // we have not reached maximum tree depth
562 boxSearchRecursive(min_pt,
563 max_pt,
564 static_cast<const BranchNode*>(child_node),
565 new_key,
566 tree_depth + 1,
567 k_indices);
568 }
569 else {
570 // we reached leaf node level
571 Indices decoded_point_vector;
572
573 const auto* child_leaf = static_cast<const LeafNode*>(child_node);
574
575 // decode leaf node into decoded_point_vector
576 (**child_leaf).getPointIndices(decoded_point_vector);
577
578 // Linearly iterate over all decoded (unsorted) points
579 for (const auto& index : decoded_point_vector) {
580 const PointT& candidate_point = this->getPointByIndex(index);
581
582 // check if point falls within search box
583 bool bInBox =
584 ((candidate_point.x >= min_pt(0)) && (candidate_point.x <= max_pt(0)) &&
585 (candidate_point.y >= min_pt(1)) && (candidate_point.y <= max_pt(1)) &&
586 (candidate_point.z >= min_pt(2)) && (candidate_point.z <= max_pt(2)));
587
588 if (bInBox)
589 // add to result vector
590 k_indices.push_back(index);
591 }
592 }
593 }
594 }
595}
596
597template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
598uindex_t
599OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::
600 getIntersectedVoxelCenters(Eigen::Vector3f origin,
601 Eigen::Vector3f direction,
602 AlignedPointTVector& voxel_center_list,
603 uindex_t max_voxel_count) const
604{
605 OctreeKey key;
606 key.x = key.y = key.z = 0;
607
608 voxel_center_list.clear();
609
610 // Voxel child_idx remapping
611 unsigned char a = 0;
612
613 double min_x, min_y, min_z, max_x, max_y, max_z;
614
615 initIntersectedVoxel(origin, direction, min_x, min_y, min_z, max_x, max_y, max_z, a);
616
617 if (std::max(std::max(min_x, min_y), min_z) < std::min(std::min(max_x, max_y), max_z))
618 return getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(min_x,
619 min_y,
620 min_z,
621 max_x,
622 max_y,
623 max_z,
624 a,
625 this->root_node_,
626 key,
627 voxel_center_list,
628 max_voxel_count);
629
630 return (0);
631}
632
633template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
634uindex_t
635OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::
636 getIntersectedVoxelIndices(Eigen::Vector3f origin,
637 Eigen::Vector3f direction,
638 Indices& k_indices,
639 uindex_t max_voxel_count) const
640{
641 OctreeKey key;
642 key.x = key.y = key.z = 0;
643
644 k_indices.clear();
645
646 // Voxel child_idx remapping
647 unsigned char a = 0;
648 double min_x, min_y, min_z, max_x, max_y, max_z;
649
650 initIntersectedVoxel(origin, direction, min_x, min_y, min_z, max_x, max_y, max_z, a);
651
652 if (std::max(std::max(min_x, min_y), min_z) < std::min(std::min(max_x, max_y), max_z))
653 return getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(min_x,
654 min_y,
655 min_z,
656 max_x,
657 max_y,
658 max_z,
659 a,
660 this->root_node_,
661 key,
662 k_indices,
663 max_voxel_count);
664 return (0);
665}
666
667template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
668uindex_t
669OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::
670 getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(double min_x,
671 double min_y,
672 double min_z,
673 double max_x,
674 double max_y,
675 double max_z,
676 unsigned char a,
677 const OctreeNode* node,
678 const OctreeKey& key,
679 AlignedPointTVector& voxel_center_list,
680 uindex_t max_voxel_count) const
681{
682 if (max_x < 0.0 || max_y < 0.0 || max_z < 0.0)
683 return (0);
684
685 // If leaf node, get voxel center and increment intersection count
686 if (node->getNodeType() == LEAF_NODE) {
687 PointT newPoint;
688
689 this->genLeafNodeCenterFromOctreeKey(key, newPoint);
690
691 voxel_center_list.push_back(newPoint);
692
693 return (1);
694 }
695
696 // Voxel intersection count for branches children
697 uindex_t voxel_count = 0;
698
699 // Voxel mid lines
700 double mid_x = 0.5 * (min_x + max_x);
701 double mid_y = 0.5 * (min_y + max_y);
702 double mid_z = 0.5 * (min_z + max_z);
703
704 // First voxel node ray will intersect
705 auto curr_node = getFirstIntersectedNode(min_x, min_y, min_z, mid_x, mid_y, mid_z);
706
707 // Child index, node and key
708 unsigned char child_idx;
709 OctreeKey child_key;
710
711 do {
712 if (curr_node != 0)
713 child_idx = static_cast<unsigned char>(curr_node ^ a);
714 else
715 child_idx = a;
716
717 // child_node == 0 if child_node doesn't exist
718 const OctreeNode* child_node =
719 this->getBranchChildPtr(static_cast<const BranchNode&>(*node), child_idx);
720
721 // Generate new key for current branch voxel
722 child_key.x = (key.x << 1) | (!!(child_idx & (1 << 2)));
723 child_key.y = (key.y << 1) | (!!(child_idx & (1 << 1)));
724 child_key.z = (key.z << 1) | (!!(child_idx & (1 << 0)));
725
726 // Recursively call each intersected child node, selecting the next
727 // node intersected by the ray. Children that do not intersect will
728 // not be traversed.
729
730 switch (curr_node) {
731 case 0:
732 if (child_node)
733 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(min_x,
734 min_y,
735 min_z,
736 mid_x,
737 mid_y,
738 mid_z,
739 a,
740 child_node,
741 child_key,
742 voxel_center_list,
743 max_voxel_count);
744 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, mid_y, mid_z, 4, 2, 1);
745 break;
746
747 case 1:
748 if (child_node)
749 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(min_x,
750 min_y,
751 mid_z,
752 mid_x,
753 mid_y,
754 max_z,
755 a,
756 child_node,
757 child_key,
758 voxel_center_list,
759 max_voxel_count);
760 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, mid_y, max_z, 5, 3, 8);
761 break;
762
763 case 2:
764 if (child_node)
765 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(min_x,
766 mid_y,
767 min_z,
768 mid_x,
769 max_y,
770 mid_z,
771 a,
772 child_node,
773 child_key,
774 voxel_center_list,
775 max_voxel_count);
776 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, max_y, mid_z, 6, 8, 3);
777 break;
778
779 case 3:
780 if (child_node)
781 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(min_x,
782 mid_y,
783 mid_z,
784 mid_x,
785 max_y,
786 max_z,
787 a,
788 child_node,
789 child_key,
790 voxel_center_list,
791 max_voxel_count);
792 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, max_y, max_z, 7, 8, 8);
793 break;
794
795 case 4:
796 if (child_node)
797 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(mid_x,
798 min_y,
799 min_z,
800 max_x,
801 mid_y,
802 mid_z,
803 a,
804 child_node,
805 child_key,
806 voxel_center_list,
807 max_voxel_count);
808 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(max_x, mid_y, mid_z, 8, 6, 5);
809 break;
810
811 case 5:
812 if (child_node)
813 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(mid_x,
814 min_y,
815 mid_z,
816 max_x,
817 mid_y,
818 max_z,
819 a,
820 child_node,
821 child_key,
822 voxel_center_list,
823 max_voxel_count);
824 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(max_x, mid_y, max_z, 8, 7, 8);
825 break;
826
827 case 6:
828 if (child_node)
829 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(mid_x,
830 mid_y,
831 min_z,
832 max_x,
833 max_y,
834 mid_z,
835 a,
836 child_node,
837 child_key,
838 voxel_center_list,
839 max_voxel_count);
840 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(max_x, max_y, mid_z, 8, 8, 7);
841 break;
842
843 case 7:
844 if (child_node)
845 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(mid_x,
846 mid_y,
847 mid_z,
848 max_x,
849 max_y,
850 max_z,
851 a,
852 child_node,
853 child_key,
854 voxel_center_list,
855 max_voxel_count);
856 curr_node = 8;
857 break;
858 }
859 } while ((curr_node < 8) && (max_voxel_count <= 0 || voxel_count < max_voxel_count));
860 return (voxel_count);
861}
862
863template <typename PointT, typename LeafContainerT, typename BranchContainerT>
864uindex_t
865OctreePointCloudSearch<PointT, LeafContainerT, BranchContainerT>::
866 getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(double min_x,
867 double min_y,
868 double min_z,
869 double max_x,
870 double max_y,
871 double max_z,
872 unsigned char a,
873 const OctreeNode* node,
874 const OctreeKey& key,
875 Indices& k_indices,
876 uindex_t max_voxel_count) const
877{
878 if (max_x < 0.0 || max_y < 0.0 || max_z < 0.0)
879 return (0);
880
881 // If leaf node, get voxel center and increment intersection count
882 if (node->getNodeType() == LEAF_NODE) {
883 const auto* leaf = static_cast<const LeafNode*>(node);
884
885 // decode leaf node into k_indices
886 (*leaf)->getPointIndices(k_indices);
887
888 return (1);
889 }
890
891 // Voxel intersection count for branches children
892 uindex_t voxel_count = 0;
893
894 // Voxel mid lines
895 double mid_x = 0.5 * (min_x + max_x);
896 double mid_y = 0.5 * (min_y + max_y);
897 double mid_z = 0.5 * (min_z + max_z);
898
899 // First voxel node ray will intersect
900 auto curr_node = getFirstIntersectedNode(min_x, min_y, min_z, mid_x, mid_y, mid_z);
901
902 // Child index, node and key
903 unsigned char child_idx;
904 OctreeKey child_key;
905 do {
906 if (curr_node != 0)
907 child_idx = static_cast<unsigned char>(curr_node ^ a);
908 else
909 child_idx = a;
910
911 // child_node == 0 if child_node doesn't exist
912 const OctreeNode* child_node =
913 this->getBranchChildPtr(static_cast<const BranchNode&>(*node), child_idx);
914 // Generate new key for current branch voxel
915 child_key.x = (key.x << 1) | (!!(child_idx & (1 << 2)));
916 child_key.y = (key.y << 1) | (!!(child_idx & (1 << 1)));
917 child_key.z = (key.z << 1) | (!!(child_idx & (1 << 0)));
918
919 // Recursively call each intersected child node, selecting the next
920 // node intersected by the ray. Children that do not intersect will
921 // not be traversed.
922 switch (curr_node) {
923 case 0:
924 if (child_node)
925 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(min_x,
926 min_y,
927 min_z,
928 mid_x,
929 mid_y,
930 mid_z,
931 a,
932 child_node,
933 child_key,
934 k_indices,
935 max_voxel_count);
936 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, mid_y, mid_z, 4, 2, 1);
937 break;
938
939 case 1:
940 if (child_node)
941 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(min_x,
942 min_y,
943 mid_z,
944 mid_x,
945 mid_y,
946 max_z,
947 a,
948 child_node,
949 child_key,
950 k_indices,
951 max_voxel_count);
952 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, mid_y, max_z, 5, 3, 8);
953 break;
954
955 case 2:
956 if (child_node)
957 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(min_x,
958 mid_y,
959 min_z,
960 mid_x,
961 max_y,
962 mid_z,
963 a,
964 child_node,
965 child_key,
966 k_indices,
967 max_voxel_count);
968 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, max_y, mid_z, 6, 8, 3);
969 break;
970
971 case 3:
972 if (child_node)
973 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(min_x,
974 mid_y,
975 mid_z,
976 mid_x,
977 max_y,
978 max_z,
979 a,
980 child_node,
981 child_key,
982 k_indices,
983 max_voxel_count);
984 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(mid_x, max_y, max_z, 7, 8, 8);
985 break;
986
987 case 4:
988 if (child_node)
989 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(mid_x,
990 min_y,
991 min_z,
992 max_x,
993 mid_y,
994 mid_z,
995 a,
996 child_node,
997 child_key,
998 k_indices,
999 max_voxel_count);
1000 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(max_x, mid_y, mid_z, 8, 6, 5);
1001 break;
1002
1003 case 5:
1004 if (child_node)
1005 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(mid_x,
1006 min_y,
1007 mid_z,
1008 max_x,
1009 mid_y,
1010 max_z,
1011 a,
1012 child_node,
1013 child_key,
1014 k_indices,
1015 max_voxel_count);
1016 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(max_x, mid_y, max_z, 8, 7, 8);
1017 break;
1018
1019 case 6:
1020 if (child_node)
1021 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(mid_x,
1022 mid_y,
1023 min_z,
1024 max_x,
1025 max_y,
1026 mid_z,
1027 a,
1028 child_node,
1029 child_key,
1030 k_indices,
1031 max_voxel_count);
1032 curr_node = getNextIntersectedNode(max_x, max_y, mid_z, 8, 8, 7);
1033 break;
1034
1035 case 7:
1036 if (child_node)
1037 voxel_count += getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(mid_x,
1038 mid_y,
1039 mid_z,
1040 max_x,
1041 max_y,
1042 max_z,
1043 a,
1044 child_node,
1045 child_key,
1046 k_indices,
1047 max_voxel_count);
1048 curr_node = 8;
1049 break;
1050 }
1051 } while ((curr_node < 8) && (max_voxel_count <= 0 || voxel_count < max_voxel_count));
1052
1053 return (voxel_count);
1054}
1055
1056} // namespace octree
1057} // namespace pcl
1058
1059#define PCL_INSTANTIATE_OctreePointCloudSearch(T) \
1060 template class PCL_EXPORTS pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch<T>;
1061
1062#endif // PCL_OCTREE_SEARCH_IMPL_H_
pcl::octree::OctreeBase::leaf_count_
std::size_t leaf_count_
Amount of leaf nodes.
Definition octree_base.h:78
pcl::octree::OctreeBase::root_node_
BranchNode * root_node_
Pointer to root branch node of octree.
Definition octree_base.h:84
pcl::octree::OctreeBase::branchHasChild
bool branchHasChild(const BranchNode &branch_arg, unsigned char child_idx_arg) const
Check if branch is pointing to a particular child node.
Definition octree_base.h:542
pcl::octree::OctreeBase::findLeaf
LeafContainerT * findLeaf(uindex_t idx_x_arg, uindex_t idx_y_arg, uindex_t idx_z_arg) const
Find leaf node at (idx_x_arg, idx_y_arg, idx_z_arg).
Definition octree_base.hpp:115
pcl::octree::OctreeBase::getBranchChildPtr
OctreeNode * getBranchChildPtr(const BranchNode &branch_arg, unsigned char child_idx_arg) const
Retrieve a child node pointer for child node at child_idx.
Definition octree_base.h:554
pcl::octree::OctreeKey
Octree key class
Definition octree_key.h:54
pcl::octree::OctreeNode
Abstract octree node class
Definition octree_nodes.h:59
pcl::octree::OctreeNode::getNodeType
virtual node_type_t getNodeType() const =0
Pure virtual method for retrieving the type of octree node (branch or leaf).
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloud< PointT, OctreeContainerPointIndices, OctreeContainerEmpty >::genVoxelCenterFromOctreeKey
void genVoxelCenterFromOctreeKey(const OctreeKey &key_arg, uindex_t tree_depth_arg, PointT &point_arg) const
Definition octree_pointcloud.hpp:842
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloud< PointT, pcl::octree::OctreeContainerPointIndices, pcl::octree::OctreeContainerEmpty >::genVoxelBoundsFromOctreeKey
void genVoxelBoundsFromOctreeKey(const OctreeKey &key_arg, uindex_t tree_depth_arg, Eigen::Vector3f &min_pt, Eigen::Vector3f &max_pt) const
Definition octree_pointcloud.hpp:871
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::LeafNode
typename OctreeT::LeafNode LeafNode
Definition octree_search.h:78
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch< PointT, pcl::octree::OctreeContainerPointIndices, pcl::octree::OctreeContainerEmpty >::getKNearestNeighborRecursive
double getKNearestNeighborRecursive(const PointT &point, uindex_t K, const BranchNode *node, const OctreeKey &key, uindex_t tree_depth, const double squared_search_radius, std::vector< prioPointQueueEntry > &point_candidates) const
Definition octree_search.hpp:225
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::getIntersectedVoxelIndices
uindex_t getIntersectedVoxelIndices(Eigen::Vector3f origin, Eigen::Vector3f direction, Indices &k_indices, uindex_t max_voxel_count=0) const
Get indices of all voxels that are intersected by a ray (origin, direction).
Definition octree_search.hpp:636
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::getNextIntersectedNode
int getNextIntersectedNode(double x, double y, double z, int a, int b, int c) const
Get the next visited node given the current node upper bounding box corner.
Definition octree_search.h:641
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive
uindex_t getIntersectedVoxelIndicesRecursive(double min_x, double min_y, double min_z, double max_x, double max_y, double max_z, unsigned char a, const OctreeNode *node, const OctreeKey &key, Indices &k_indices, uindex_t max_voxel_count) const
Recursively search the tree for all intersected leaf nodes and return a vector of indices.
Definition octree_search.hpp:866
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::getIntersectedVoxelCenters
uindex_t getIntersectedVoxelCenters(Eigen::Vector3f origin, Eigen::Vector3f direction, AlignedPointTVector &voxel_center_list, uindex_t max_voxel_count=0) const
Get a PointT vector of centers of all voxels that intersected by a ray (origin, direction).
Definition octree_search.hpp:600
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::voxelSearch
bool voxelSearch(const PointT &point, Indices &point_idx_data)
Search for neighbors within a voxel at given point.
Definition octree_search.hpp:50
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::AlignedPointTVector
std::vector< PointT, Eigen::aligned_allocator< PointT > > AlignedPointTVector
Definition octree_search.h:75
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::boxSearch
uindex_t boxSearch(const Eigen::Vector3f &min_pt, const Eigen::Vector3f &max_pt, Indices &k_indices) const
Search for points within rectangular search area Points exactly on the edges of the search rectangle ...
Definition octree_search.hpp:206
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive
uindex_t getIntersectedVoxelCentersRecursive(double min_x, double min_y, double min_z, double max_x, double max_y, double max_z, unsigned char a, const OctreeNode *node, const OctreeKey &key, AlignedPointTVector &voxel_center_list, uindex_t max_voxel_count) const
Recursively search the tree for all intersected leaf nodes and return a vector of voxel centers.
Definition octree_search.hpp:670
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::approxNearestSearchRecursive
void approxNearestSearchRecursive(const PointT &point, const BranchNode *node, const OctreeKey &key, uindex_t tree_depth, index_t &result_index, float &sqr_distance)
Recursive search method that explores the octree and finds the approximate nearest neighbor.
Definition octree_search.hpp:428
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::nearestKSearch
uindex_t nearestKSearch(const PointCloud &cloud, uindex_t index, uindex_t k, Indices &k_indices, std::vector< float > &k_sqr_distances)
Search for k-nearest neighbors at the query point.
Definition octree_search.h:116
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::boxSearchRecursive
void boxSearchRecursive(const Eigen::Vector3f &min_pt, const Eigen::Vector3f &max_pt, const BranchNode *node, const OctreeKey &key, uindex_t tree_depth, Indices &k_indices) const
Recursive search method that explores the octree and finds points within a rectangular search area.
Definition octree_search.hpp:524
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::initIntersectedVoxel
void initIntersectedVoxel(Eigen::Vector3f &origin, Eigen::Vector3f &direction, double &min_x, double &min_y, double &min_z, double &max_x, double &max_y, double &max_z, unsigned char &a) const
Initialize raytracing algorithm.
Definition octree_search.h:524
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::getNeighborsWithinRadiusRecursive
void getNeighborsWithinRadiusRecursive(const PointT &point, const double radiusSquared, const BranchNode *node, const OctreeKey &key, uindex_t tree_depth, Indices &k_indices, std::vector< float > &k_sqr_distances, uindex_t max_nn) const
Recursive search method that explores the octree and finds neighbors within a given radius.
Definition octree_search.hpp:342
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::BranchNode
typename OctreeT::BranchNode BranchNode
Definition octree_search.h:79
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::approxNearestSearch
void approxNearestSearch(const PointCloud &cloud, uindex_t query_index, index_t &result_index, float &sqr_distance)
Search for approx.
Definition octree_search.h:164
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::getFirstIntersectedNode
int getFirstIntersectedNode(double min_x, double min_y, double min_z, double mid_x, double mid_y, double mid_z) const
Find first child node ray will enter.
Definition octree_search.h:583
pcl::octree::OctreePointCloudSearch::radiusSearch
uindex_t radiusSearch(const PointCloud &cloud, uindex_t index, double radius, Indices &k_indices, std::vector< float > &k_sqr_distances, index_t max_nn=0)
Search for all neighbors of query point that are within a given radius.
Definition octree_search.h:201
pcl::K
@ K
Definition norms.h:54
pcl::isFinite
bool isFinite(const PointT &pt)
Tests if the 3D components of a point are all finite param[in] pt point to be tested return true if f...
Definition point_tests.h:55
pcl::index_t
detail::int_type_t< detail::index_type_size, detail::index_type_signed > index_t
Type used for an index in PCL.
Definition types.h:112
pcl::Indices
IndicesAllocator<> Indices
Type used for indices in PCL.
Definition types.h:133
pcl::uindex_t
detail::int_type_t< detail::index_type_size, false > uindex_t
Type used for an unsigned index in PCL.
Definition types.h:120